//**************************************************************************
// function to get a character response from the user and use the default
// response if the user just hits the return key
//
/// \param [in] defalt imports the default character to use if the enter
///                    key is pressed
/// \returns defalt if the next character in the cin stream is a new line,
///                  otherwise it returns the character entered
/// \post the cin stream is cleared
//**************************************************************************
char getResponse(char defalt) {
   char ch = cin.get();
   if (ch == '\n')
      ch = defalt;    // use the default character
   else
      clrStream();    // clear the newline and any garbage entered

   return ch;
}

//**************************************************************************
// function to get a valid int -- pre-test version
//
// parameter usage -- i exports the integer obtained
//
// post-condition -- i is a valid integer and the cin stream marker is left
//                   at the first character after the extracted integer
//**************************************************************************
void getValid(int& i) {
   cin >> i;
   while (!(cin || cin.eof())) {
       cout << "Invalid integer entered!! Reenter -- ";
       cin.clear();   // clear the error flag
       clrStream();   // clear bad data from the stream
       cin >> i;
   }
}  

//**************************************************************************
// function to get a valid int -- post-test version -- requires a flag!!!
//
// parameter usage -- i exports the integer obtained
//
// post-condition -- i is a valid integer and the cin stream marker is left
//                   at the first character after the extracted integer
//**************************************************************************
void getValid(int& i) {
    bool ok;
    do {
       ok = true;
       if (!(cin>>i) && !cin.eof()) {
          cout << "Invalid integer entered!! Reenter -- ";
          cin.clear();                // clear the error flag
          clrStream();                // clear bad data from the stream
	  ok = false;                 // set our flag to stay in loop
       } 
    } while (!ok);
}

//**************************************************************************
// function to obtain a valid integer from the user -- infinite loop version
//
// parameter usage -- i exports the integer obtained
//**************************************************************************
void getValid(int& i) {
while (true) {
      cin >> i;
      if (cin || cin.eof()) break;         // valid int or eof so exit
      cout << "Invalid integer entered!! Reenter -- ";
      cin.clear();   // clear the error flag
      clrStream();   // clear bad data from the stream
   }
}

//**************************************************************************
// function to get a valid int -- testing the operator
//
// parameter usage -- i exports the integer obtained
//
// post-condition -- i is a valid integer and the cin stream marker is left
//                   at the first character after the extracted integer
//**************************************************************************
void getValid(int& i) {
   while (!(cin>>i || cin.eof())) {
       cout << "Invalid integer entered!! Reenter -- ";
       cin.clear();   // clear the error flag
       clrStream();   // clear bad data from the stream
   }
}